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What Indicators Measure the Performance of Headphone Speakers

2025-05-29
  1. Rated Power (W)
   Headphone speakers exhibit various types of distortion, including harmonic distortion (often caused by non-uniform magnetic fields and distortions in the vibration system, typically occurring at low frequencies), intermodulation distortion (caused by the mutual modulation of two different frequency signals input simultaneously, degrading sound quality), and transient distortion (resulting from the vibration system's inertia failing to follow rapid signal changes). Harmonic distortion refers to the addition of harmonic components not present in the original signal during playback. Sources of harmonic distortion in speakers include nonlinear distortions from uneven magnetic fields, diaphragm characteristics, and voice coil displacement. Currently, high-quality speakers exhibit harmonic distortion of no more than 5%.
  2. Headphone Speaker Sensitivity (dB/W)
   The sensitivity of a headphone speaker typically refers to the sound pressure level measured at 1m on the axial front when a noise voltage with an input power of 1W is applied. Sensitivity indicates the speaker's ability to reproduce subtle details in the audio signal. Higher sensitivity ensures the speaker responds accurately to all nuances in the audio signal. Hi-Fi speakers should have a sensitivity greater than 86dB/W.
  3. Headphone Speaker Directivity
   The sound pressure frequency response of headphone speakers varies with radiation direction, a characteristic known as directivity. It relates to the speaker's diaphragm size: larger diaphragms exhibit sharper directivity, while smaller ones have wider dispersion. Directivity also depends on frequency; generally, frequencies below 250Hz show minimal directivity, whereas frequencies above 1.5kHz exhibit pronounced directivity.
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